Tuesday, August 25, 2020

The Louisiana Purchase Essay Example For Students

The Louisiana Purchase Essay The Louisiana Purchase Essay was the acquisition of the French region of Louisiana by the US in 1803. The area extended from the Mississippi River westbound to the Rough Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico northward to Canada, covering a territory equivalent to that of the United States, preceding the buy. Aside from the Mississippi River on the east and Canada on the north, the limits were inconclusive. The United States likewise guaranteed West Florida between the Mississippi and Perdido streams as a feature of the buy, however Spain denied the case. Because of the buy, the port of New Orleans and the whole Mississippi framework were made sure about for American shippers, and the nation was allowed to grow toward the Pacific Ocean. In 1762, France had surrendered Louisiana to Spain, however by the mystery Treaty of San Ildefonso, (1800) the French had recaptured the zone. Napoleon Bonaparte (the future Emperor Napoleon I) imagined an incredible French domain in the New World, and he planned to utilize the Mississippi Valley as a food and exchange focus to flexibly the island of Hispania, which was to be the core of this realm. To start with, be that as it may, he needed to reestablish French control of Hispania, where Haitian slaves under Toussaint L Ouverture had held onto power (1801). In 1802, a huge armed force sent by Napoleon under his brother by marriage, Charles Leclerc, showed up on the island to smother the Haitian disobedience. Likewise in 1802, two acts were submitted that President Thomas Jefferson, who was worried about French goals, viewed as antagonistic to the interests of the U.S. . French powers were sent to New Orleans and to Santo Domingo, Hispania (presently the Dominican Republic), to subdue a disobedience there. The other was the privilege of store, the benefit recently concurred U.S. shippers of storing merchandise at New Orleans pending transshipment, was pulled back. Jefferson immediately sent the American legislator James Monroe to Paris to help the American clergyman to France, Robert R. Livingston, trying to influence one of four potential plans invaluable to the U.S. The plans are (1) to acquisition of eastern and western Florida and New Orleans; (2) the acquisition of New Orleans alone; (3) the acquisition of land on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River to construct an American port; or (4) the procurement of ceaseless privileges of route and store. Notwithstanding some military achievement, the French lost a huge number of troopers, chiefly to yellow fever, and Napoleon before long understood that Hispania must be deserted. Without that island, he had little use for Louisiana. Confronting reestablished war with Great Britain, he was unable to save troops to protect the region; he required assets, also, to help his military endeavors in Europe. As needs be, in April 1803 he offered to offer Louisiana to the United States. The cost concurred on was $15 million, of which $11,250,000 was to be paid out and out by the U.S. to France. The parity of $3,750,000 was to be paid by the U.S. to its residents to fulfill their cases against France. At the point when the entirety of this news came back to Jefferson was elated. At one stroke, the United States would twofold its size, a huge tract of land would be available to settlement, and the free route of the Mississippi would be guaranteed. At the hour of procurement, Jefferson was worried about the defendability of making a land obtaining without adding a covering alteration to the U.S. Constitution. The rule that everyone must follow, in any case, gave the president bargain making force, and Jefferson presumed that the down to earth advantages to the country far exceed the conceivable infringement of the Constitution. The Senate agreed with this choice and casted a ballot approval on Oct. 20, 1803. The Spanish, who had never surrendered physical ownership of Louisiana to the French, did as such in a service at New Orleans on Nov. 30, 1803. In a subsequent function, on Dec. .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b , .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .postImageUrl , .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b , .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:hover , .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:visited , .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:active { border:0!important; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:active , .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:hover { haziness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u37b41db8501d989e8 7c50e0c6ed2627b .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u37b41db8501d989e87c50e0c6ed2627b:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Schindler’s List: A Film Review Essay 20, 1803, the French gave Louisiana to the United States. Debates with Britain and Spain over the limits of the buy took a very long time to determine. A portion of different issues that happened when the land was bought was what was the administration going to do about the Indians and how they lived before this .

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Importance of Corporate Governance in Accounting

Question: Examine about the Importance of Corporate Governance in Accounting. Answer: Presentation: Bookkeeping is an efficient and exhaustive procedure of recording all the budgetary exchanges of a business association. A bookkeeper of an association has the duty to oversee, update, right and report all the budgetary exercises of a business association. In an increasingly exact note, the bookkeepers can be known as the attendants of the records of the associations (Carmona, Ezzamel Gutirrez, 2016). Consequently, it tends to be said that Accounting is one of the significant callings on the planet and the bookkeepers have a huge task to carry out in the accomplishment of any business association. It tends to be obviously said that to account expert is the best profession open door for them who are seeking after their lord of bookkeeping courses. Many bookkeeping experts everywhere throughout the world consider that bookkeeping is a blend of craftsmanship and science. Additionally, huge numbers of them consider that bookkeeping is a workmanship more than science. There are purposes f or this announcement. It has been seen that the two bookkeepers can't bring similar outcomes from precisely the same information with the end goal of dynamic procedure (Monterio, 2014). This occurs because of the nearness of too many bookkeeping rules that don't picture all the shrouded realities during the time spent bookkeeping. A few bookkeepers consider those concealed realities and some don't consider. This is the explanation behind bookkeepers having various outcomes from precisely the same information. In a business, the expert bookkeepers are viewed as the mainstays of the association as they contribute enormous for the achievement and development of the business association. The expert bookkeepers give their significant budgetary and bookkeeping encourages to the association to accomplish the monetary destinations and objectives of business. Aside from this, there are other numerous ways by which the bookkeepers can add to the reason for the associations (Byrne et al., 2012). In the business associations, the expert bookkeepers are considered as one of the significant resources of the associations as they help the associations to continue the authoritative development and qualities. They are considered as the most significant components with regards to the arrangement of fiscal summaries of the associations (Goretzki, Strauss Weber, 2013). It tends to be seen that there are various types of duties of the expert bookkeepers in a business association. They help the associations in the arrangement of corporate procedure; they help the associations in the readiness of financial plans and to record all the bookkeeping data; they help the associations by giving significant duty advices; they help the associations in overseeing dangers and numerous others (Paulsson, 2012). The expert bookkeepers have huge information and preparing about fund, bookkeeping and different issues. Hence, they can adopt imaginative strategies to take care of various types of issues in the business associations. Aside from the business associations, the expert bookkeepers get amazing privilege in the general public (Clinton White, 2012). It has been seen that the expert bookkeepers manage a wide scope of social issues for the improvement of the general public and the individuals of the general public. Consequently, it is normal that the expert bookkeepers keep up an elevated level of moral standard both in the business associations and in the general public. The expert bookkeepers have the duty to build up corporate administration in each part of bookkeeping. There are different cases where the absence of corporate administration can be found during the time spent bookkeeping in the business associations. Thus, one can't overlook the significance of corporate administration i n the bookkeeping procedure as corporate administration assists with holding honesty in the bookkeeping calling. In this manner, these are the primary qualities that an individual must need to turn into an expert bookkeeper. Undertaking Proposal Bookkeeping is considered as one of the primary tasks in any business associations. The way toward bookkeeping is a key determinant of the accomplishment of the organizations. Henceforth, it is normal that there must be uprightness and morals during the time spent bookkeeping. Notwithstanding, lately, the situation has changed definitely. Some major uncommon changes can be seen in the manner the bookkeeping exercises of the associations are continued. There are numerous examples where it has been seen that the bookkeepers of the associations are engaged with various types of bookkeeping fakes or control of budgetary information and data. The fundamental explanation for these sorts of false or control is the absence of corporate administration during the time spent bookkeeping in the business associations (McCahery, Sautner Starks, 2016). There are various number of bookkeeping issues everywhere throughout the world that are pulling in the consideration of numerous individuals. This i s a significant issue in bookkeeping calling. The procedure of the readiness of the budgetary reports of the business associations is the significant movement of the records calling (ArAs, 2016). A significant connection between corporate administration and the readiness of monetary reports can be seen. The flaw in the money related reports can be occurred because of the defect in the corporate administration procedure of the business associations (Kathy Rao, Tilt Lester, 2012). Corporate administration has numerous tasks to carry out during the time spent maintaining a business association. There are numerous issues during the time spent corporate administration for the business association identified with bookkeeping calling. For instance, a significant issue in corporate administration identified with bookkeeping is the faculty issues. So as to administer enormous and complex kinds of business associations, bookkeeper experts having significant level of specialized aptitude are required; they ought to be able to make explicit judgment dependent on the bookkeeping standards. The absence of this sort of work force is a significant issue in the corporate administration and bo okkeeping. There are numerous different issues like issue out in the open bookkeeping, issue in income the board and numerous others (Hilb, 2012). The culmination of this exploration venture will assist with getting the ideal arrangements of these corporate administration related issues. Point and Objectives Each exploration venture must have some significant goals. There isn't any special case of this reality in this venture. The point of this exploration is to dissect and assess different parts of corporate administration in bookkeeping calling in the business associations. The significant targets of this examination are as per the following; The primary goal is the investigation and assessment of the significance of corporate administration in bookkeeping. The subsequent goal is the examination of the impact of corporate administration and representing the accomplishment of the organizations. The third target is to give explicit procedures all together decrease different issues in corporate administration and bookkeeping. Writing Review According to Tricker, (2015), corporate administration alludes to the way toward controlling various types of activities of a business association. For this reason, different sorts of rules, guidelines and arrangements should be executed in the association. Then again, bookkeeping is the way toward keeping up all the budgetary exchanges of the association. Corporate administration has a vital task to carry out in the bookkeeping procedure of the associations. Taking a gander at the few bookkeeping embarrassments, the significance of corporate administration in bookkeeping can't be overlooked. A critical connection is there during the time spent corporate administration and bookkeeping. The primary obligation of corporate administration is to create rules and guidelines to coordinate the choices of the organizations. Then again, the center obligation of bookkeeping is to follow the money related execution of the business associations. Thus, the smooth destroying of the bookkeeping pro cedures of the business associations generally relies upon the guidelines and strategies executed in corporate administration. There are numerous business regions where the achievement rely upon the consolidated work of corporate administration and bookkeeping (Aebi, Sabato Schmid, 2012). Task arranging can be considered for instance of such zones. Numerous bookkeepers all through the world think about bookkeeping rehearses as the instruments of corporate administration. With the assistance both corporate administration and bookkeeping rehearses, enormous partnerships can take astute activity about how to work, the amount to contribute, how to make the systems of business extension and numerous others (Gill Biger, 2013). It is the obligation of the enormous open organizations to reveal their business practice to the outside world. In this procedure, corporate administration has a critical task to carry out. It is the obligation of corporate administration to make it sure, that the enterprise must uncover exact and genuine budget reports like salary proclamation, accounting report, explanation of investors value and numerous others (Hoechle et al., 2012). Consequently, in view of the models, the immense and huge commitment of corporate administration on the bookkeeping practices of the associations can be judged. In this way, it is wanted that the there is a legitimate harmony between corporate administration and bookkeeping rehearses. Research Methodology So as to do this exploration, auxiliary information will be gathered so as to dissect them to accomplish the objectives of the examination procedure. The necessary auxiliary information will be gathered from various sources; a portion of the significant sources are various types of diary articles on corporate administration and bookkeeping calling, the sites of various organizations, late news about corporate administration and bookkeeping, budget summaries of various organizations, diverse sort of contextual analyses and oth

Sunday, August 2, 2020

Round here we stay up very, very late

Round here we stay up very, very late Last day of lab Friday was my last day at my UROP lab after three years of research. I cried. Thankfully, I didnt cry until after I got outside and had said all my goodbyes and everything. You know how theres no crying in baseball? Well, theres no crying in science either. Unfortunately for me, I am a hopeless sap, so the best I can hope for is not crying in front of people. On Thursday, my postdoc took me out to lunch near campus, and we talked about the past three years (after working together for such a long time, you have lots of stories), about graduate school, and about careers in science. He gave me a lot of good advice about picking a thesis lab, and about planning my career trajectory in general and he gave me two books to read at the beach next week. By my count, I spent about 3000 hours in the lab over the course of three summers, three IAPs, and six semesters. I went into lab during blizzards (winter 2005), heat waves (summer 2004), weekends (uh, pretty much every weekend since 2005), holidays (in 2004, July 4 was the first holiday I took off), mornings (7 AM every Wednesday this summer), nights (until 2 AM one Friday night in spring 2005), and a lot of times in between. I guess Im a little bit of a workaholic. But it was totally worth it. Why it rocks to go to MIT for college, reason #65932 Adam, my beautiful curly-haired rocket scientist better half, is applying to grad schools this year. He had been a little nervous about applying (arent we all?), especially because me picking Harvard for grad school effectively meant hed have to get into MITs aero/astro masters program. Well, he was talking with his UROP supervisor last week, and his supervisor casually mentioned that he has a project that hed really like Adam to take on for his masters degree. So basically, Adams going to get into MIT if you have a professor who already wants you specifically in his lab when you apply, thats grad school gold. He still has to take the GRE and write a statement of purpose and all that stuff, but it means he doesnt really have to worry about getting in anymore. Hooray! Concertgoing Last night Adam and I ventured south to the Tweeter Center to see the Counting Crows and the Goo Goo Dolls. If you stranded me on a desert island and forced me to pick two bands to listen to for the rest of eternity, those are totally the two Id pick, so I was ridiculously psyched to hear that a) they were touring together, and b) they were coming to Boston. The concert was *amazing*. Thats really all Im going to say, since this blogs title is not The Counting Crows are Life: The Rest is Just Chemistry and Physics. But I totally rocked out and danced around doing awkward white girl dances and had a blast. (And then, for the record, it took two hours for Adam and me to get back to the city, partially because of concert traffic and partially because large chunks of the Big Dig were closed for repairs, bottlenecking traffic trying to get into the city. If youre coming out to Boston on a plane anytime soon, do yourself a favor and do not rent a car.) Questions 1. Meg asked, do you think its a good idea to jump into harder courses right away or do you think its better to just start w/ the easier ones (like calc I and intro to bio) to get a feel for what mit classes are like? Also, what are the math requirements, beyond GIRs, for majoring in bio? Deciding whether to use AP credit or not is a decision that everybody approaches differently some people just take the credit and run, and some prefer to start out in classes in which they have a stronger footing. For my part, Id advise you to take the credit, but only as long as you feel comfortable with the background you have. Biology at MIT doesnt require any math classes past 18.02 (although a lot of people take 18.03), so it should be fine for you to skip 18.01 and 18.02 as long as you still remember how to integrate youll need 18.02 knowledge for 5.60 (thermo and kinetics). Skipping 7.01x should be fine also a lot of people do it although I wouldnt really be in favor of taking 7.03 as a freshman. Youd be better off taking chemistry as a first-term freshman than trying to jump into the biology core. (If you have any other questions, feel free to email!) 2. Sulinya asked, Hey Mollie, how long does it usually take to do a Ph.D. program? Like how long is your Harvard one? It really depends on the student and how well his or her research is going some people get a project that gives them immediate results, but other people hit snags along the way which delay their graduation. Since getting your PhD depends almost entirely on your research progress, some people graduate after four years, and some people graduate after seven or eight. The average in most of the programs is around five and a half years, but theres a pretty big standard deviation! 3. Katie asked, How did you get the 6-week internship you did the summer after your freshman year? Well, the full story is here. The QD version is that I emailed a bunch of NIH PIs expressing interest in their work, and one of them passed my name onto a postdoc who picked me to work with him. Melis also has some tips on getting one of those NIH internships here; you have to fill out an online application and get some letters of recommendation, too. 4. Sylvia asked, Hi. I read that pets are allowed in the dorms. Which pets exactly are allowed and how common do you see others with them? Officially: Pets are only allowed in EC, Random, Bexley, and Senior House, and the only allowed pets are cats. Some parts/floors of those three dorms have cats, and some dont; pet policies are collected here. Unofficially: Even though pets arent allowed in dorms other than the ones named above, I know a lot of animals that live in non-pet dorms. Off the top of my head I can think of a turtle, two cats, two rabbits, a mouse, a tarantula, and a ferret and thats only among my friends. So yes, the only pets allowed in MIT dorms are cats. ;)

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Persuasive Essay About Firefighters - 1229 Words

There are situations that impact your everyday life that’s when we call the â€Å"Firefighters†. Their lifestyle is risky, they serve the people. Firefighters truly deserve the respect and honor from the community, at the same time, this is a way of showing gratitude for their courage. The firefighter station that I visited was the fire department in San Fernando called â€Å" Station 98†, and their agency is Los Angeles Fire Department, it has been around since 1886. The history of fires goes back to the 17th century. They were called, â€Å"Fire buckets†. They came into existence because there was no fireman. Fire buckets were people organizing themselves like a human chain with buckets passing around. There was at least two to three buckets full of†¦show more content†¦According the agency of the Department of Homeland Security states that motor vehicles crashes are the leading cause of death for an on-line duty fireman. Other significant causes of death are: caught/trapped (10%), fall (5%), collapse (3%), and other (7%). Intentions of firefighters are to make the community safe as possible, but we the people need to think twice before we do anything else when dealing with fire. The other things that it s a national problem for firefighters is not wearing their seat belts when driving out to an emergency. They are so focused on saving our lives when first it s supposed to be the opposite, their safety is first, but firemen put t heir lives at risk. In fact the society make it very dangerous for every fireman, traffic is a major hazard, highways, social media and their lack of sleep. This show an everyday the situation of a fireman because it s been argued that the schedules in the fire department does not fit to the distance that they need to travel from home to work. In that regard, social media is becoming an hinderance when they get film and goes viral to the point that the firefighters personal privacy is exposed in the internet. Firefighters have been exposed more than usual when they are on duty, working or even just being out their work. While exploring into their field they seemed frustrate when every person that use the media to laugh at them when they try toShow MoreRelatedTheory of Writing1719 Words   |  7 Pagestyping anymore. After that is done I usually cut the fat and revise all of my work. Lastly, I believe that the theory of writing process involves having one main goal in mind supported by smaller â€Å"su b-goals.† Like for example when doing my research essay on concussions in the NFL. 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Monday, May 11, 2020

The Scientific Revolution of the 17th Century - 616 Words

The Scientific Revolution of the 17th Century One of the most important periods in human history took place in the 16th and 17th century. We refer to it now as the Scientific Revolution. This period of scientific discovery led to a new age of understanding about the universe and our place in it. Some of the modern mathematics that we use today were invented during this period. Until this time, the way we understood our place in the universe was based on the views of philosophers such as Aristotle and Plato. We believed in things like the world was the center of the universe and that all of the planets and stars revolved around it. During this time our scientific and philosophical reasoning were overshadowed and burdened by religious teaching. However, it is not to say that it was a sudden burst of discoveries and enlightenment. For centuries, other philosophers, mathematicians and astronomers had laid the groundwork for what would be discovered during this period. 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He was not only an educated physicist and mathematician, but experienced and established in his frame of study. To say Newton was â€Å"just a scientist† would be an understatement, â€Å"he was one of the great minds of the 17th century Scientific Revolution† (Source 3). Isaac Newton was born in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire,Read MoreEuropean Exploration : The Age Of Discovery1128 Words   |  5 PagesEuropean states decided to partake in global explorations in the early fifteenth century. By doing so, this opened up a new chapter in world history, known as the Age of Discovery. During this time, Europe expanded to the Americas, Africa, and the Far East being the first orbit around the world. â€Å"Profound misconceptions about geography and the cultures of local populations would change very slowly throughout he early centuries of European exploration.† (The Saylor Foundation The European Voyages of Exploration:Read MoreThe Reformation And Its Impact On Society1710 Words   |  7 Pagesuniversities because people wanted to read the classics. The Renaissance changed Europe from focusing on religion to embracing the cultures of previous civilizations and striving for human excellence. Humanism alone could be enough to jumpstart the scientific r evolution. The fact that people wanted to be acknowledged for their achievements led the â€Å"natural philosophers† of that time to strive for greatness. Another instigator of the changing world-view was the Reformation, which introduced a period of questioningRead MoreEssay on Industrial Revolution1489 Words   |  6 Pages 2. INTRODUCTION During the second half of the 17th century, there were a drastic breakthrough in mainly Great Britain’s, but gradually the rest of the worlds development, that would lead to radical changes in peoples lives, working relations and environment. Industrial revolution was so fundamental that it’s often compared with the transition from farming to stock raising, which began several thousand years before the birth of Christ. Considering the uses of natural resources, can human history

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Promote Positve Behaviour Free Essays

1. Identify types of challenging behaviour. There are many types of behaviour that can be described as challenging. We will write a custom essay sample on Promote Positve Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now Examples of these include: self-injury (eg head banging, self-biting, skin picking)  physical aggression or violent behaviour (eg punching, scratching, kicking, biting, pulling hair) verbal aggression (eg threats, insults, excessive swearing)  disruption and destruction of property or the environment (eg ripping clothes, breaking windows or furniture) racist or sexist behaviour. Stereotyped behaviours (eg rocking, spinning, hand flapping) inappropriate or unacceptable sexual behaviour (eg masturbating in public, touching others inappropriately or showing pornography) smearing and urination (eg smearing faeces, urinating in inappropriate places) stealing (eg taking possessions/food that do not belong to the individual) manipulative, deceitful and non-compliant behaviour (eg refusing to move, refusing to engage in an activity despite being able, telling lies) absconding (eg leaving school/home/residential service without permission). 3. Explain the steps that are taken to maintain the dignity of and respect for an individual when responding to an incident of challenging behaviour. Children must always be treated with dignity and respect with. This may be difficult when their behaviour is threatening to their peers or members of staff, however it is essential to remember that it’s the behaviour that is adverse and not the YP. When challenging the behaviour it is important to disapprove of the negative behaviour, not the individual. Should the situation require reactive strategies, it is important to uphold best practise and continue to treat the YP in a child centred way, according to their placement plan, risk assessment and positive handling plan, paying attention to the YP faith, beliefs, culture while maintaining dignity. For example, when holding a YP, ensuring that the hold is not intrusive, especially to private parts of the body. Should the YP clothes ride up, for staff to inform the YP that they are about to adjust their clothing. It is important to maintain dignity and respect when recording the incident. Not  using a derogatory tone when referring to the YP, instead recording in a way that describes the negative behaviour displayed by the YP. How to cite Promote Positve Behaviour, Papers

Thursday, April 30, 2020

The Aztec Indians Essays - Aztec Society, Merchants, Pochteca, Aztec

The Aztec Indians The Aztec Indians Tonatiuh has yet to rise from the East and shine upon us all, but already I hear stirs and murmurs coming from the street and even from the apprentice quarters of my own home. It has been an exhausting month for me and I would like nothing better than to sleep all day. However, here in Texcoco, the market only meets once a week and I must sell my goods as soon as possible.(Smith,119). My wife, heavy with child, slowly begins to wake beside me, so I rise to the new day. My name is Tochtli, born to that day some 33 years ago. I am of the Mexica tribe, born and raised in the sacred capitol city of Tenochtitlan. I am of the pochteca and am proud to serve my gods and lords faithfully in war and sacrifice, as my father did before me. I have been very successful and have been able to provide my wife and two (soon to be three) children a comfortable life. It is wise to say that the god Yacatecuhtli, looks generously upon me and I owe all to him (Smith, 213). Before I am even dressed I can smell my wife and daughter preparing tortillas from the patio. Being from the highest order of pochteca, my home is larger than most in my calpolli. It is built in a half-moon fashion around a central patio. The structure is made up of four rooms, or quarters: The sleeping quarters of my wife and I, the room my children share, a room for my apprentice and any tlamama I may have under my service at the time, and a small shrine room where my family and I can worship. In the patio, the tlamama, my apprentice and my son eat a breakfast of tortillas before we head to the market. I had just returned the night before from a most successful, but long trade expedition. I had set out a little over a month ago, along with two other pochteca from my guild, two of our apprentices, and four tlamama who are professional porters. I was worried to leave on such a long expedition when my wife was so close to bearing our third child, but after consulting with the calendar and the priests of my patron god, Yacatecuhtli, it was determined that the day we left on was surely the luckiest (Smith,256). Besides that, my son, Ocelotl, is now nine and almost old enough to guard the household. We left loaded with cloth, jewels and spinning tools and set out for Acolman, where we traded the bulk of our goods for slaves. In these other cities, markets meet weekly or only periodically, so it was important to time our route well. From Acolman we set out for Pachuca where we planned to trade the remainder of our goods for some of the obsidian tools that the region is renowned for (Smith, 87). That was the most dangerous part of our journey because of its length, the size of our payload and how close our path came toward enemy territory outside of the triple alliance. Pochteca are generally allowed free travel throughout the world, enemy or friendly without harm (Smith, 122). In my time I have traveled throughout the far reaches of this land, but I am still wary of enemy territory, and always travel well armed and ready for battle. After a rest in Pachuca, where we bartered for the obsidian, we began our long journey home. We finally reached Texcoco early yesterday morning, but camped outside the city until nightfall. Upon returning from any expedition, pochteca always enter the city under the cloak of darkness. We then quickly unload our goods from the canoes, so that it is all hidden in our homes by daybreak (Smith, 121). This has been a practice as old as the guild itself. It is very useful since it is wise to keep the success of ones expedition a secret. Pochteca, no matter how successful, are not nobles and not allowed to display such wealth openly (Smith,121). To do so might offend our lords, and hence our gods. I agreed to keep the obsidian and two of the tlamama at my home for the night, while my partner kept the slaves at his home. My wife, Calli, calls for me to eat before I must leave for the market. She hands me warm tortillas and smiles at me lovingly. I admire the roundness of her belly, and only then do I realize how much I have missed